Ikhwān al-Ṣafā

Ikhwan Safa, a collective pseudonym for a group of Muslim philosophers and scientists, authored the 'Rasa'il Ikhwan al-Safa' (Epistles of the Brethren of Purity). This encyclopedic work comprises 52 epistles, covering a wide range of subjects, including mathematics, astronomy, music, philosophy, and the natural sciences. Their work aimed to harmonize and integrate Islamic teachings with the philosophical and scientific knowledge of their time, drawing from Greek, Indian, and Persian sources. The...See more