PART III

THE TRANSMISSION OF LEGAL DOCTRINE

CHAPTER 1. UMAIYAD PRACTICE AS THE STARTING-POINT OF MUHAMMADAN JURISPRUDENCE . . . 190

A. Preliminary remarks . . . 190

B. Umaiyad popular practice . . . 192

C. Umaiyad administrative practice . . . 198

D. The attitude of the ancient schools of law to Umaiyad practice . . . 213

CHAPTER 2. COMMON ANCIENT DOCTRINE AND CROSS-INFLUENCES . . . 214

A. The common ancient doctrine . . . 214

B. Early cross-references and cross-influences . . . 218

C. Later polemics and influences . . . 222

D. Conclusions . . . 222

CHAPTER 3. THE KORANIC ELEMENT IN EARLY MUHAMMADAN LAW . . . 224

CHAPTER 4. THE IRAQIANS

A. Shuraih . . . 228

B. Hasan Başrī . . . 229

C. Sha'bī . . . 230

D. Ibn Mas'ud and his Companions . . . 231

E. Ibrahim Nakha'ī . . . 233

F. Hammad . . . 237

G. The Iraqian opposition . . . 240

H. Sufyan Thauri . . . 242

CHAPTER 5. THE MEDINESE AND MECCANS

A. The 'seven lawyers of Medina' . . . 243

B. Zuhri . . . 246

C. Rabi'a . . . 247