The Troad (Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1973). A study of the archaeology in and around Hisarlik, including a comprehensive survey of pre-Schliemann theories. Many of these theories located Troy near the Turkish village of Pinarbasi, and Schliemann himself dug there before turning to Hisarlik .

Michael Wood,

In Search of the Trojan War (New York: Facts On File, 1985). A companion to a BBC program, this provides a good introduction to Troy historiography, along with an intriguing and provocative look at the Hittite evidence .

William Calder III and David Traill,

Myth, Scandal, and History (Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1986). A collection of essays portraying Schliemann as a pathological liar, a thesis more fully developed in Traill’s 1995 biography .

David Traill,

Schliemann of Troy (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1995). An extremely controversial, all-out attack on Schliemann, accusing him of-among other things-cheating his business partners; lying to gain American citizenship; failing to give credit to Frank Calvert; and, most devastating of all, making up the story of how and where he found Priam’s treasure. According to Traill, Schliemann lied about hiding the treasure in his wife’s shawl to conceal the fact that he’d actually gathered the objects in the treasure from a variety of places in and around Hisarlik, then bunched them together so he could pretend he’d made a dramatic discovery. Traill’s damning evidence includes the indisputable fact that Schliemann’s wife was in Athens at the time of the discovery. Traill’s critics argue that it would have been impossible for Schliemann to bring together so many objects, all of which were later shown to come from the same period. They also point out that the vast majority of his archaeological notes have turned out to be largely accurate. But Traill’s defenders (and other Schliemann detractors) counter that the evidence of Schliemann’s lying in his other business and personal dealings is overwhelming. Schliemann, they contend, couldn’t be a Dr. Jekyll at Hisarlik while being a Mr. Hyde elsewhere. The book is well worth reading, but don’t lose sight of the fact that the questions raised are largely irrelevant to the larger question of what happened at Troy. After all, even Schliemann eventually conceded that the part of Troy he first excavated dated back to well before the Trojan War and that Priam’s treasure could not, therefore, have belonged to Priam or any of his contemporaries .

Caroline Moorehead,

Lost and Found (New York: Viking, 1996). As riveting as the history of Troy is the mysterious fate of Priam’s treasure, entertainingly revealed in Moorehead’s book. Schliemann left the treasure to the German government, which displayed it at Berlin’s Museum for Prehistory. In 1945 the treasure disappeared, apparently lost forever. Then, in 1991, a Russian art historian and a curator at the Pushkin Museum in Moscow broke the story that the entire treasure was buried in the museum’s vaults, having been seized by Soviet troops at the end of World War II .

Vladimir Tolstikov and Mikhail Treister,

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