J. L. Esposito (ed.),

The Oxford History of Islam (Oxford, 1999).

F. Robinson (ed.),

The Cambridge Illustrated History of the Islamic World (Cambridge, 1996).

W. C. Brice and H. Kennedy,

An Historical Atlas of Islam (Leiden, 2001).

دراسات تمهيدية

J. Berkey,

The Formation of Islam: Religion and Society in the Near East, 600-1800 (Cambridge, 2003).

A. Hourani,

Shafi da ba'a sani ba