Heinrich Barth, der Bahnbrecher der deutschen Afrikaforschung: Ein Lebens-und Charakterbild . Berlin: Reimer, 1897.

Shaw, Flora [Dame Flora Louise Lugard].

A Tropical Dependency: An Outline of the Ancient History of the Western Soudan with an Account of the Modern Settlement of Northern Nigeria.

London: James Nisbet, 1905.

Sidibe, Moussa. “Comment les populations ont vécu la bataille de Konna et l’occupation des régions du nord.” Maliweb.net, March 8, 2013.

Singleton, Brent D. “African Bibliophiles: Books and Libraries in Medieval Timbuktu.”

Libraries & Culture

39, no. 1 (2004): 1-12. “Smuggled Out: Most Timbuktu Manuscripts Saved from Attacks.”

Der Spiegel (English website), February 25, 2013.

Sparks, Jared.

Shafi da ba'a sani ba