Machiavelli’s New Modes and Orders (Ithaca, 1979) offers a chapter-by-chapter commentary. More specialized studies include Felix Gilbert, 'The Composition and Structure of Machiavelli’s

Discorsi ’ in

History: Choice and Commitment,

1977, pp. 115-33; Felix Gilbert, 'Bernardo Rucellai and the Orti Oricellari: A Study on the Origin of Modern Political Thought’ in

History: Choice and Commitment,

1977, pp. 215-46; Quentin Skinner, 'Machiavelli’s

Discorsi

and the Pre-humanist Origins of Republican Ideas’ in

Machiavelli and Republicanism,

ed. Bock, Skinner, and Viroli, pp. 121-41.

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