John Cummins,

The Voyage of Christopher Columbus (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1992). The most recent translation of Columbus’s journal is especially interesting because it incorporates the sections recorded by Ferdinand Columbus as well as those preserved by Las Casas .

Ferdinand Columbus,

The Life of The Admiral Christopher Columbus by his Son Ferdinand,

trans. Benjamin Keen (New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1959). Ferdinand, known as a somewhat bookish man, had a tendency to overemphasize the scholarly basis of his father’s Enterprise of the Indies, sometimes at the expense of his father’s more businesslike qualities. But he’s still a remarkable biographer as well as son. The book was first published in 1571, thirty-one years after Ferdinand’s death .

Henry Vignaud,

The Columbian Tradition on the Discovery of America (Oxford: Clarenden Press, 1920). Columbus was a fraud, and historians were his dupes.

Samuel Eliot Morison,

Admiral. of the Ocean Sea (Boston: Little, Brown, 1942). Still the definitive biography .

Samuel Eliot Morison,

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